The Hidden Treasure of Refugees Essay Samples

The Hidden Treasure of Refugees Essay Samples Working with Scribendi takes a normal level of pc and Web knowledge. At this time you have all of the essential info to handle the topic The Syrian Refugees Crisis successfully. To start with, you might need to work on unique topics. Find out more about the topic thoroughly. Our modifying and proofreading businesses are readily available to you 24 hours per day and 7 days each week. Don't be scared to talk about your ideas as part of creative procedure and remember there's just one approach to reach the desired goals receiving papers which have been meticulously checked, reviewed and proofread. Your task is to concentrate on one of the potential aspects related to the topic. The issue with the 1 essay per test format is the fact that it gives students no prospect for feedback and revision that are important. The Pain of Refugees Essay Samples Thus, there's a demand for the global community to likewise tackle the underlying conditions and situations which produce refugees. From this profile, there's an excellent potential for many Syrian refugees to create considerable long-term contributions towards, but there are a few considerable unknown variables, the possible value might be affected by the skill levels of the refugees (Bonin, 2014). Some men a nd women feel that developed nations will need to aid refugees from countries affected by war and supply them with the fundamental necessities. To summarize, the rich nations want to give help to resettle refugees since they can afford it easily and thus they can help save many lives. A few of these refugees will dwell in these conditions for their entire life and others might have a brief stay after moving to a different nation. Contrary to what a lot of people believe, the issue of refugees isn't confined to any specific region. Living isn't only about breathing in and out. There can be thousands of refugees living in 1 camp. Since developed nations possess the ability to support them, in my opinion, they ought to accept more refugees. Since developing countries are accountable for initiating a number of these wars and conflicts they have a moral obligation to care for the displaced men and women. For the last decades, Australia has made a huge improvement when it has to do with refugees and asylum seekers. It's not fair for Australia to take a lot of refugees. According to respondents, they frequently stay hunger till they earn something to eat. At the close of the day, not all asylum seekers are granted with what they need to find work or a fantastic way of life. Desperately attempting to look for humane therapy, they decided to find shelter in different nations hoping for a newfound home. Today, folks can be motivated by different reasons, including finding work, to find an education education, or only a desire to reside in a different location. Adoption is an alternate solution. It is a solution There are many childless couples who would be more than willing to provide a nice and stable home for an unwanted baby. Finding the Best Refugees Essay Samples The range of refugees on the planet today has declined marginally. Australia isn't sure whether or not asylum seekers ought to be granted with what they're wishing for because it's uncertain if their intentions are real. In conclusion this is the reason why I believe that Syrian refugees ought to be allowed in the States. There are 22 million refugees around the world that are made to flee their home country. Australia has a booming and a vibrant economy that permits every migrant to have the opportunity to work and are living in the nation for a number of years before it can grow to be officially recognized as a member of its citizenry. It has always been targeted by residents from minority countries because it provides a promising opportunity to improve their lives when they start living in the land of promise situated down under. It is a popular country for refugees because it is safe and we are a multicultural country. It is considered one of the most progressive countries in the world.

The Civil Rights Movement Is One Of The Most Memorable

The civil rights movement is one of the most memorable events that has taken place in the United States, starting Martin Luther King Jr. He had the option to lead protest violently or nonviolently, and he believed nonviolent protests were the best weapon to fight for equal rights. Though African Americans still have inequality to this day. While King and other leaders fought peacefully in the past, protester Wes Annac believes America has the mindset that fighting violently like riots are the only way to get their voice heard which is not the way for voices to be heard. Those who are given authority were initially here to protect and serve people in the community. The hero role has sadly been replaced by personal creed to hurt, jail, and†¦show more content†¦He stands by the protesters who are acknowledging their rights and presents the authorities do not have the type of power they think that they have. The authorities have away with far too much towards our citizens. The people will only let them get away with more if act up instead of act accordingly. The Ferguson protest is a prime example of how we should not act. Burning buildings and starting brawls will not give any peace to the grieving family as well as our nation. It is very painful to see our men being beaten and gunned down, but will fighting solve anything? We are acting like the monsters who started all of this. The people have more power than we realize, but for centuries, we’ve given it away to external authority figures who’ve steadily yet surely taken away our rights. Beyond a peaceful assertion of these rights, what we need in Ferguson (and everywhere else) is love. Everyone has way more power than we give ourselves credit for. But as time continues to pass, we are constantly being revoked that right (Walter 86). If rioters would have the mindset like a protester and include their peace of mind, then we can work on all of the violence to come to an end. If we don’t embrace the turmoil then we can eventually achieve our goals. Martin Luther King Jr. protested in Chicago in the year of 1966. His reason for protesting was to lead the march in Marquette Park to object against housingShow MoreRelatedThe American Civil War And The Civil Rights Movement1725 Words   |  7 PagesAfter the American Civil War (1861-1865), major changes which were crucial to the establishment of African Americans in the American society took place. Before the bloody war, slaves were comprised of thirteen percent of the total population of the United States. The treatments they receive from their masters ranged from generous to abusive. The issue of slavery was becoming more and more apparent in social, economic, and most importantly political aspects of the country. In fact, even before theRead MoreEssay on Birmingham 19631346 Words   |  6 PagesIn April and May of 1963, Birmingham, Alabama was a focal point for the civil rights movement. Birmingham was home to one of the most violent cells of the KKK and violence against blac k people was so commonplace (especially in the form of explosives) that it was referred to as â€Å"Bombingham.† It was these conditions that lead Martin Luther King to arrive and organize a series of non-violent protests in the city. These protests were relatively low key and weren’t very well attended. This was dueRead MoreAn Analysis Of Savannah Civil Right Museum 1214 Words   |  5 PagesAre You Talking To Me â€Å"Savannah Civil Right Museum† Civil Rights have been the long and dreadful fight against desegregation in many places of the world. Throughout its hard fight many people captured the turmoil that they were faced with by painting, some sculpted, and most photographed. Many reason for this art platform to take place was to create a visual symbol of what we know as the resistance time period. Artist wanted to have the feel of empowerment and most of all feeling liberation. RecentlyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Signs Carried By Many Marchers 997 Words   |  4 Pages1963 during the march for jobs and freedom at the District of Columbia. It is one of the pictures in the â€Å"Civil Rights- A Long Road† collection from the Library of Congress that depicts a group consisted of mainly Black people who walked in lines while carrying â€Å"We demand†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"We march for†¦Ã¢â‚¬  signs. The photographer captured the essential repetition in the signs’ designs, a variety of peopl es’ actions, and the movement of the crowd in order to signify the united formation and strong dedication ofRead More The Civil Rights Movement Essay1071 Words   |  5 Pagesthat. Hate cannot drive out hate; only love can do that. - - Martin Luther King, Jr. The Civil rights Movement helped people realize how powerful their voice can be, which changed America completely. One of those people who had a powerful voice was Martin Luther King, Jr. He was an inspiring and influential leader of the Civil Rights Movement. The quote above is just one of many inspirational comments made by Martin Luther King. The peaceful protests against racism, which thisRead MoreBeing A Hero Means To Be A Leader. To Be A Leader You Have1124 Words   |  5 Pagesto have strength, courage, and commitment. In the 1960s there were many leaders fighting for what they believe is right of freedom and equality of all people. Major leaders like Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X they were involved with the Civil Rights Movement during the 60s. They were willing to fight until the end to make a change in society. Both men wanted to give the rights to all black people in America of living as an equal human being. But they both had their own ways of trying to makeRead Moreâ€Å"I Am Happy To Join With You Today In What Will Go Down1420 Words   |  6 Pageswhat they believe is the right of freedom and equality of all people. A major leader, Martin Luther King Jr. was involved in the Civil Rights Movement during the 60s. King was influenced by advocates of nonviolence such as Mahatma Gandhi. He wanted to seek equality for African Americans that were underprivileged and victims of injustice through peaceful protest. Prejudice matters, such as, slavery, freedom and rights, and education, still had historic moment. The Civil Rights Act was an important stepRead MoreMarch on Washington and Selma Compare and Contrasts1110 Words   |  5 Pagesduring those 100 years. Great progress was made during that time for the Civil Rights of all Americans. The two marches demonstrations involving large groups of people: a March on Washington D.C. and a March from Selma to Montgomery Alabama to gain color equality in the south. There are differences and similarities to consider. In many ways, the March on Washington was one of the most important parts of the civil rights movement. The focus of this march was to gain equality for Blacks in the SouthRead MoreCivil Rights : Sparked Ever Lasting Change1526 Words   |  7 Pages2016 Civil Rights: Sparked Ever Lasting Change in America In modern America, equality is becoming more of a realization however; racial and civil rights issues are still existent in today’s society. The civil rights movement, which originated in the 1960’s, involved public movements in the United States which the goals were to terminate racial segregation and discrimination against African Americans and to obtain and secure legal acknowledgement and federal protection of the citizenship rights enumeratedRead More Hope From a King Essays655 Words   |  3 PagesHope From a King â€Å"Darkness cannot drive out the darkness; only light can do that. Hate cannot drive out hate; only love can do that.† This quote from a long and memorable list of Dr. Martin Luther King quotes offers some much needed solace, and hope in today’s troubled world. The darkness that Dr. King refers to can symbolize many things today and the hate he mentions is as strong today as it was four decades ago; only we are dealing with a different kind of hate. In today’s world, darkness

Macbeth - Gender Roles Essay free essay sample

Gender roles In William Shakespeares tragedy â€Å"Macbethâ€Å", Shakespeare explores and challenges the ideas of traditional gender roles, regarding leadership, power and masculinity. These different gender roles are used to shape characters and create fear in the readers He leaves the question of what masculinity truly is open for the audience to decide. In the following essay, I will show some examples where Shakespeare made his own gender roles. It is important to understand the role that gender plays in todays society, as compared with the gender roles portrayed in Shakespeares Macbeth. Masculinity is a strong symbol used within gender throughout the play, and is a parallel with icons today. Women are typically labeled as inferior and emotional human beings with a nurturing and caring role . They tend to have a harder time today when trying to get jobs that were previously only held by males, for example, high political positions (for example a president). We will write a custom essay sample on Macbeth Gender Roles Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The president is seen as powerful, and a symbol of strength representing the country. Unfortunately, because the stereotypical woman is seen as weak, women were not voted into high-ranking offices. The same unfair balance of gender is seen the same way in Macbeth. From the opening scene, we begin to see the role that women play in Macbeth. The three ugly witches are gathered in a thunderstorm cackling greedily over their evil plans. Their chant of fair is foul, and foul is fair illustrates how women perform acts of ugliness and evil to achieve disorder. At the beginning of act 1, scene 3, page 17, when Banquo first sees the witches, he is very confused if they are women or men. He says they seem â€Å"too masculineâ€Å" to be women. The witches are figures that trigger Macbeths murderous ambition, which brings about his ruin. It is their prophecy that leads Macbeth to consider Duncan in order to become king. We again see the feminine presence through the witches. This time they are casting spells on a poor sailor because his wife cursed one of the witches and refused to give her some chestnuts. Both Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are striving towards masculinity. The importance of masculinity to both of them is an issue of power. Lady Macbeth aspires to be a man so that she can show supremacy and be more of a ruler. Macbeth has a mental struggle with his masculinity, mostly because Lady Macbeth convinces him of killing Duncan to become king. Because Lady Macbeth cannot really become a man, she has to work vicariously through Macbeth, making him become king. To control Macbeth, she must use his aim to become more masculine, to drive his killing of Duncan. In Act I, Scene I, on line 51, Macbeth affirms, I dare do all that may become a man. Who dares [do] more is none. Later on in the play Lady Macbeth says that her husband is not ambitious enough and too â€Å"kindâ€Å" to do what it takes to become king. She plans to â€Å"chastiseâ€Å" him with the â€Å"valour of [her] tongueâ€Å". That shows that Lady Macbeth is the dominant partner in their relationship which inverts the typical gender and social roles. Macbeth is a tragedy filled with betrayal, prophecies and revenge. Throughout this book, Macbet h seeks guidance from the wrong people like the witches, his wife, whose ambition is as great as, if not even greater than his. However, everybody must ask themself whether Macbeth is really the cold blooded murderer and traitor everyone thought him to be. The peculiarity of the gender roles Shakespeare uses in Macbeth are that he presents the womens behaviour as a mens and the mens as the womens. That means that the woman is the leading person in the relationship and more powerful. The men are the weak and uncertain people whose behaviour is based on the womens decision.

The Jews Are A People With A Multitude Of Dilemmas. From The Essays

The Jews are a people with a multitude of dilemmas. From the Israelite tribes to the prosperous modern day Israel , bigotry towards the Jews has been greatly evident. The Jewish race has acted as Escape Goat for many crisis throughout history including the black plaque which swept across Europe in the 14th century. The establishment of Israel was a great incident was something the Jewish people were striving to obtain for generations. This, however, led to four major conflicts between Israel and the Arab countries. One of the most meaningful wars was the Six-Day War. Events such as the holocaust have also had a dramatic effect on world history and whose mysteries are still being unravelled. For twelve years following 1933 the Jews were persecuted by the Nazi's. Jewish businesses were boycotted and vandalized. By 1939,Jews were no longer citizens,could not attend public schools,engage in practically any business or profession, own any land, associate with any non-Jew or visit public places such as parks and museums. The victories of the German armies in the early years of World War II brought the majority of European Jewry under the Nazis. The Jews were deprived of human rights. The Jewish people were forced to live in Ghetto's which were separated from the main city. Hitler's plan of genocide was carried out with efficiency. The total number of Jews exterminated has been calculated at around 5,750,000. In Warsaw ,where approximately 400,000 Jews had once been concentrated,was reduced to a population of 60,000. They, virtually unarmed, resisted the German deportation order and had held back the regular German troops equipped with flame throwers,armoured cards, and tanks for nearly a month. This heroism was similar to the revolt which took place around 165BC. This uprising was led by the Maccabees, a provincial priestly family (also called Hasmoneans). They recaptured the Temple and rededicated it to the God of Israel. The Maccabees made there last stand on a mountain and was able to hold back the syrians for more then a month. There is a distinct similarity between the two stories and that is possibly why they are both recognised as holidays in the Jewish faith. These horrific events of the holocaust have let to some consequences which are beneficial and some are unfortunate to the Jewish people. The population of the followers has greatly declined. Also the Jewish people after the war still had problems finding jobs. They had to essentially start there life over. Most of them lost a close relative or at least knew someone who died in the gas chambers of the Nazi concentration camps. This has put a psychological strain on Jewish survivors or no longer having family and friends with them for support. This event has awaken the world up to the needs of the Jewish people. It has given them political power and a justification for some of their actions. On May recognised,1945 ,the end of World War II was seen. Organized Jewry in the European continent was damaged beyond repair. The Jews concentrated on the preservation of Israel and on the bringing of Nazi war criminals to trial. There is a day of commemoration, Holocaust Day, observed in Israel and elsewhere on Nisan (April) 19 and 20. The date is considered the anniversary of the beginning of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising. The emergence of Israel as a Jewish state on the former territory of Palestine was the central political issue of the Middle East after World War II. A movement was established to work on the reestablishment of the Jewish national state of Israel. This movement was given the name Zionism. The Zionists were full of energy,enthusiasm, and skill which led to remarkable accomplishments. Israel was a modern European state in an underdeveloped area. This was the source of there problems and their achievements. The Jews received vast amounts of financial and military support from Western governments. The Israelis also benefitted from a highly trained and motivated citizenry to create a unique nation-state. It had taken the Zionists seventy years to purchase 7 per cent of Palestine. Now the UN was offering them another 50 per cent. The partition plan was objected by all of that Arab and Palestinian Arab governments. The Zionists excepted the plan. They however were upset that Jerusalem was excluded from the Jewish state. The Jews were the most fertile land including the citrus groves upon which the Arabs depended on for their living. Many of the nations of the world felt guilt or grief of the Hitler era. This is what is believed to have pressured the United Nations to establish a Jewish state. The partition of Palestine was greatly important

Hypothalamus - Function, Hormones, and Structure

Hypothalamus - Function, Hormones, and Structure About the size of a pearl, the hypothalamus directs a multitude of important functions in the body. Located in the diencephalon region of the forebrain, the hypothalamus is the control center for many autonomic functions of the peripheral nervous system. Connections with structures of the endocrine and nervous systems enable the hypothalamus to play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis. Homeostasis is the process of maintaining bodily equilibrium by monitoring and adjusting physiological processes. Blood vessel connections between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland allow hypothalamic hormones to control pituitary hormone secretion. Some of the physiological processes regulated by the hypothalamus include blood pressure, body temperature, cardiovascular system functions, fluid balance, and electrolyte balance. As a limbic system structure, the hypothalamus also influences various emotional responses. The hypothalamus regulates emotional responses through its influence on the pituitary gland, skeletal muscular system, and autonomic nervous system. Hypothalamus: Function The hypothalamus is involved in several functions of the body including: Autonomic Function ControlEndocrine Function ControlHomeostasisMotor Function ControlFood and Water Intake RegulationSleep-Wake Cycle Regulation Hypothalamus: Location Directionally, the hypothalamus is found in the diencephalon. It is  inferior to the thalamus,  posterior to the optic chiasm, and bordered on the sides by the temporal lobes and optic tracts. The location of the hypothalamus, specifically its close proximity to and interactions with the thalamus and pituitary gland, enables it to act as a bridge between the nervous and endocrine systems. Hypothalamus: Hormones Hormones produced by the hypothalamus include: Anti-Diuretic Hormone (Vasopressin) - regulates water levels and influence blood volume and blood pressure.Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone - acts on the pituitary gland causing the release of hormones in response to stress.Oxytocin - influences sexual and social behavior.Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone - stimulates the pituitary to release hormones that influence the development of reproductive system structures.Somatostatin - inhibits the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and growth hormone (GH).Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone - stimulates the release of growth hormone by the pituitary.Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone - stimulates the pituitary to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH regulates metabolism, growth, heart rate, and body temperature. Hypothalamus: Structure The hypothalamus consists of several nuclei (neuron clusters) that may be divided into three regions. These regions include an anterior, middle or tuberal, and posterior component. Each region can be further divided into areas that contain nuclei responsible for a variety of functions. Region Functions Anterior Thermoregulation; releases oxytocin, anti-diuretic hormone, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone; controls sleep-wake cycles. Middle (Tuberal) Controls blood pressure, heart rate, satiety, and neuroendocrine integration; releases growth hormone-releasing hormone. Posterior Involved in memory, learning, arousal, sleep, pupil dilation, shivering, and feeding; releases anti-diuretic hormone. Hypothalamus Regions and Functions The hypothalamus has connections with various parts of the central nervous system. It connects with the brainstem, the part of the brain that relays information from the peripheral nerves and spinal cord to the upper parts of the brain. The brainstem includes the midbrain and portions of the hindbrain. The hypothalamus also connects to the peripheral nervous system. These connections enable the hypothalamus to influence  many autonomic or involuntary  functions (heart rate, pupil constriction and dilation, etc.). In addition, the hypothalamus has connections with other limbic system structures including the amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus, and olfactory cortex. These connections enable the hypothalamus to influence emotional responses to sensory input. Key Takeaways The hypothalamus is located in the diencephalon region of the forebrain, directs a number of  needed functions in the body and is the control center for several  autonomic functions.These functional controls include: autonomic, endocrine, and motor function control. It  is also involved in homeostasis and the regulation of both the sleep-wake cycle and in food and water intake.A number of important hormones are produced by the hypothalamus including: vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone), corticotropin-releasing hormone, oxytocin, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, somatostatin, growth hormone-releasing hormone, and thyrotropin-releasing hormone. These hormones act on other organs or glands in the body. Hypothalamus: Disorders Disorders of the hypothalamus prevent this important organ from functioning normally. The hypothalamus releases a number of hormones that control a variety of endocrine functions. As such, damage to the hypothalamus results in a lack of production of hypothalamic hormones needed to control important activities, such as maintaining water balance, temperature regulation, sleep cycle regulation, and weight control. Since hypothalamic hormones also influence the pituitary gland, damage to the hypothalamus impacts organs that are under pituitary control, such as the adrenal glands, gonads, and thyroid gland. Disorders of the hypothalamus include hypopituitarism (deficient pituitary hormone production), hypothyroidism (deficient thyroid hormone production), and sexual development disorders.Hypothalamic disease is most commonly caused by brain injury, surgery, malnutrition related to eating disorders (anorexia and bulimia), inflammation, and tumors. Divisions of the Brain Forebrain - encompasses the cerebral cortex and brain lobes.Midbrain - connects the forebrain to the hindbrain.Hindbrain - regulates autonomic functions and coordinates movement.

Show, Dont Tell How to Show Not Tell in Writing With Examples

Show, Dont Tell How to Show Not Tell in Writing With Examples Show, Dont Tell: How to Show Not Tell in Writing With Exercises When you start writing a book, it’s as if everyone around you becomes the expert. They tell you to show dont tell, start with action, or even embellish your stories to sound â€Å"better.† But how do you know what advice to takeand what do those writing tips even mean in the first place?Were here to help you understand showing versus telling and how that will actually help you write better and stronger.It’s safe to say that the idea of showing not telling is one all writers should pay close attention to.Show don’t tell in writing is a piece of advice that’s been around for longer than you might realize. Even if it didn’t have a phrase attached to it yet, the best authors out there have been using it for the duration of their careers (and even before, most likely).Heres how to show dont tell in writing:Understand what show dont tell meansLearn from examples of showing versus tellingCut the sensing words to show dont tellAvoid emotional explain ing when showing not tellingDescribe body languageUse strong verbs to show dont tellFocus on describing sensesPractice showing not telling every dayIn fact, it’s why they’re known as the best writers of all time.But although these writers knew how to bring their writing to life instinctually, not all of us are so lucky. We have to learn the process of show don’t tell, which can be tricky if you don’t know where to start.NOTE: We cover everything in this blog post and much more about the writing, marketing, and publishing process in our VIP Ficiton Selfs:These examples are pretty basic but that’s the best way to gain an understanding of what this looks like. Keep in mind that your sentences may be more complex than these examples, but still full of tell words or phrases. Be on the lookout for the details.Show Dont Tell Example #1:Tell: I heard footsteps creeping behind me and it made the whole situation scarier.†Show: â€Å"Crunching hit my e ars from behind, accelerating the already rampant pounding of my heart.†Why this showing example is better:In an instance such as this, you want the reader to feel what you did: the surprise and the sense of urgency, the fear. Describing the crunching that hit your ears even through the pounding of your heart not only creates a powerful visual, but it also tells the reader the state your body was in during that intense moment. The first example is weak and does little to explain how you actually felt in that moment. Show Dont Tell Example #2:Tell: â€Å"She was my best friend. I could tell her almost anything.†Show: I met her at the town square, running in for our usual hug that carried on for far too long as we gushed about our lives with smiles lighting our faces.† Why this showing example is better: The first example of telling is shorter, but it doesn’t do a great job of really showing the impact you have on each other. Anyone can think of â€Å"best f riend† and form an overall thought about what that looks like. But this isn’t just â€Å"anyone.† This is your best friend. Showing your relationship with one another is vital to forging that deeper connection.Why should you show don’t tell in writing?The entire point of showing versus telling in writing is to make a stronger emotional connection with your readers and hook them.They already picked up your book for the killer title and eye-grabbing cover, but they need a reason to stay.The idea behind this writing technique is to put the reader in your shoes. Make them feel, hear, and sense the situation as you did.It’s about creating an experience for the reader instead of just a recount of events.Doing this makes the reader want to root for you. They want to hear your whole story and in turn, theyll read your whole book.Why is showing not telling also important for non-fiction?If you write fiction, you hear this advice all the time. However, all of you non-fiction writers out there, this piece of writing advice might be new to you.Show don’t tell isn’t always the first thing a non-fiction writer thinks of when it comes to adding more intrigue to your story.But it is the most vital for pulling your reader in and not only hooking them, but keeping them with you throughout the duration of your book.Many fiction writers hear this writing advice often because it’s one of the best ways to make real people feel deeply for fictional characters.When it comes to writing a story about your life and something you went through, the idea is the same. By showing and not telling, you’ll be able to guide them through your real-life situation as an experience and not just some book they’re reading while the kids are yelling at their video games and the oven alarm is blaring in the distance.If you can show don’t tell the right way, the reader won’t even notice those distractions.How to Show Donâ €™t Tell in WritingSo now you know what it is and why it’s important, but how the heck do you actually do it? The process of taking a single story and crafting it to create more emotion can be difficult.Thankfully, we have some of the best tips for showing not telling in writing.#1 Get rid of all basic sensory wordsPhrases like, â€Å"I heard,† â€Å"I felt,† and â€Å"I smelled,† are all very weak. These are â€Å"telling† words and phrases (also commonly referred to as filters) that force the reader further away from you and your experience.That’s exactly what you want to avoid.Instead, you need to pull them into your world and into your psyche the very moment you were encountering the situation.This is done through using strong verbs and other visual language.Show Dont Tell Exercise #1:Step 1: Read through your writing and circle every telling word you can find. Anything that explains one of the 5 senses.Step 2: Then write down speci fics for each. If you heard someone creeping up behind you, how did you hear it? Was it crunching on gravel? Was it the shuffling of shoes against carpet?Once you have these, rewrite those sections by explaining how the senses manifested to you and not just what you sensed (detailed below in the next writing exercise).#2 Don’t use â€Å"emotion explaining† wordsThis might be a bit tricky and you certainly don’t have to follow this one 100% of the time, but if you can get this right, it’ll make showing versus telling so much easier to grasp.Think of any word to describe an emotion. I’ll help you out a little:HappySadAngryFrustratedExcitedGiddyLoveAnxiousJoyDisgustI could go on, but I think you get the idea.These are all great words to describe how someone felt. However, theyre also very weak, unexciting ways to do so.If you need your readers to understand how excited you were at any given time, show them. Don’t just tell them, â€Å"I was s o excited!†Show them the sweat beading your forehead as you raced to your destination. Show them the lifting of your cheeks as your lips parted way for an uncontrollable smile.Show Dont Tell Exercise #2: Skim through your writing and circle every word that’s an emotion. Then, for every emotion-explaining word you find, write down physical reactions of feeling that way.Once you have a small list for each circled word, use it to craft a couple sentences to describe (and show!) just what that looked like.You can see the difference alone between these two paragraphs. By replacing all of the â€Å"telling† words and phrases, it develops into an experience for the reader and not just a retelling of what happened.#3 Describe body languageOne of the best ways you can show not tell in writing is to use strong descriptive language when it comes to body language.A person’s actions are really a gateway to their mind and how they feel.You can tell if another person ha s a crush on someone just by paying attention to the way their body adjusts when in that person’s presence, right?Showing versus telling in writing is exactly that. You want to show the reader what is happening and allow them to form a conclusion about how you or others in your story felt based on what they look like.In all honesty, a lot of this one is about having faith that your audience can put two and two together.Oftentimes, we tend to over explain in an effort to make something obvious when really, the emotion is in the guesswork; it’s in allowing someone to draw their own conclusions. That over-explaining is what comes across as â€Å"telly† and not as emotionally compelling. And honestly? Its also pretty boring and flat.If you do a great job of showing what you want readers to see, they’ll understand how someone feels and they’ll even feel that way themselves.That’s the power of showing not telling.#4 Use strong verbsShowing itsel f can be extremely impactful, but using strong language and verbs in specific situations is even more powerful for adding depth to your story. The way you make someone else actually feel how you did as you were going through the experience is to make sure the words you’re using directly reflect the emotions.This can be a difficult task for those who aren’t sure what â€Å"strong language† looks likes, but I’ll make it easier for you.Show Dont Tell Exercise #3: Think of a situation you want to explain in your book (or maybe something you already have written out).Now imagine what feeling you want to convey through that scene. What do you want your readers to take away from that specific moment in your story? List those emotions so you can see all of them.Take that list and start writing ways in which you can bring those emotions to life. What do those things mean for you? How would these emotions manifest during that specific time?Now take those stronger v erbs and words that depict a deeper emotion and craft your sentence or paragraph with those to reflect how you truly felt.How does this sentence make you feel? Do you feel comfort, relaxation, and a sense that I love being there?That was the purpose. It’s about taking one specific idea or vibe or feeling and using what you know to transform it into something that’s showing not telling.This specific example for show don’t tell can be a little time-consuming at first, but you will get the hang of it and these methods will soon become second nature to you.#5 Focus on describing sensesWe told you to cut sensing words in tip #1, and thats true, but with this comes the fact that you still have to describe what your character is feeling and sensing.Showing versus telling is largely about allowing your readers to interpret what your characters are going through without just telling them.This often means using all the senses you can to depict a scene.Instead of saying, She hated it there. you can use her senses to show the readers that emotion.For example: writing with showing like this The faint scent of stale cigarette smoke met her nostrils, pulling her face into a familiar grimace. allows your readers to understand that she finds where she is distasteful, without having to just say so.#6 Practice showing not telling every dayTo master the tip of show dont tell in writing, it takes time and practice to get it right. Theres a fine line of using showing versus telling in your writing.With regular practice (by writing every day, we suggest), youll learn when to use telling and when to use showing in order to give the reader the best reading experience they have.You can even practice by reading other books and your own writing. Recognizing areas of showing can help you do it more in your own works.Whatto do Next?Show don’t tell can be difficult to master unless you’re constantly thinking about it. But because this specific writing sk ill is vital for building strong emotional connections, you have to implement this information.Here’s what you can do going forward.#1 Join your FREE trainingYou can’t have too much knowledge when it comes to writing and publishing.

Intellectual Property - Trade Marks - UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Intellectual Property - Trade Marks - UK - Essay Example The four main types of IP are: patents for inventions - new and improved products and processes that are capable of industrial application; trade marks for brand identity - of goods and services allowing distinctions to be made between different traders; designs for product appearance - of the whole or a part of a product resulting from the features of, in particular, the lines, contours, colors, shape, texture or materials of the product itself or its ornamentation and, copyright for material - literary and artistic material, music, films, sound recordings and broadcasts, including software and multimedia .In this paper we concentrate on trade marks IPs which are associated with the trade of goods and services and ,in particular, to those that arise in the international trade of goods and services. The WTO Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) TRIPS, was signed on January 1, 1995.The agreement provides for floor standards for the protection of defined intellectual property types and the enforcement of associated intellectual property rights.TRIPS,in turn ,was the outcome of the synthesis of deliberations of two earlier international conventions: (1) the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property (Paris Convention) and (2) the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (Berne Convention). Paris Convention Article 1(3) defined industrial property to include "all manufactured or natural products, for example, wines, grain, tobacco leaf, fruit, cattle, minerals, mineral waters, beer, flowers, and flour." Paris Convention Article 1(2) further provided that the protection afforded to industrial property included "indications of source or appellations of origin." Thus the adoption of the TRIPS Agreement hera lded an important development for the global recognition of geographical indications. However, significant controversies continued to hover on discussions of this issue, as and when they took place, either at the WTO and other platforms of international trade. For instance, there were and are substantial differences of opinions about the manners in which registration of geographical indications under article 23.4 would finally be implemented and recognized. Take, for instance, the case of quite a few developed and developing countries who desire to extend special protection which was available only to wines and spirits to other products. In short such countries are pressing hard for special protection list to be expanded substantially. On issues of public health discussions on geographical indications resulted in a clear North-South divide. However, on issues of industrial products and food products the reaction has been divergent on very many important issues. Both developed and de veloping countries alike- maintain quite differing positions on such matters. This clearly shows that all such countries view differently the economic impacts of the system of geographical i

World War One Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

World War One - Research Paper Example For over twenty years, many nations in Europe had been developing alliances. The alliances were assumed to promote peace. This is because states believed that they would defend each nation in case war arose. The dangerous thing about the alliances was that a conflict between two nations would lead to all other nations joining in the war. Therefore, when a dispute arose between Austria-Hungary and Serbia it resulted to world war one1. The war originated in Balkans, a place famously known for a number of small wars. The murder of Archduke Francis Ferdinand the successor of the Austria-Hungary throne, who thought that his mercy for the Slavs would reduce the anxiety between Austria-Hungary and Balkans. The archduke and his wife had planned to visit Bosnia, as they travelled through Sarajevo on June 28 of the year 19142. An Asian better known as Gavrillo Principe jumped onto the car that carried the heir and his wife and shot them. The Archduke and his wife died instantly. The assassin w as said to be a student related with a Slav nationalist terror group famously known as block hand, which was fighting for freedom from the Austro-Hungarian Empire for the Slavic minorities. From the start, the Austrians alleged that Serbia, an independent and fundamentally pan-Slavic state bordering the Austro-Hungarian Empire was accountable for the assassination. This later was proven to be true because the Serbian chief of staff had assisted in planning the assassination3. Preliminary worldview believed that Serbia was accountable for the assassination, and the early world reaction denounced the act. This factor gave Austria a valid reason for payback. However, the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy operated on a slow pace. This is because Austria could not do anything without being certain of German support. After getting Germany promise to support them in any action they embarked against Serbia, they sent a list of degrading needs on July 23. Serbia obliged to most of the demands a nd promised to settle the rest through an international conference. Nevertheless, Austria-Hungary refused the offer and proclaimed war on Serbia on July 28, 1914. Austria-Hungary thought the war would result to a quick victory4. Outstanding among the war origination were the imperialist, terrorist and economic battles of great powers. For instance, Germany as an empire advocated to develop itself as the greatest power on the continent. The Germans were also determined to challenge Britain on the subject of superiority. Therefore, the conflict between Austria-Hungary and Serbia paved way for nations like Germany to show their power and might5. Thus, when Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, other declarations followed suit. Nations controlled by other states started developing feelings of nationalism. Nations grouped together in rival military coalitions to fulfill their objectives. They fought to achieve colonies and land. In the end, a number of governments clouded international friendships by undertaking secret diplomacy. Many countries were involved in the war; however, countries joined the war in different periods. The war consisted of three sides where nations could join. One choice was â€Å"the central powers, which consisted of Germany and Austria-Hungary† who were later joined by Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire who initially were neutral before joining the central powers. The allies consisted of Ireland, Great Britain, France, Belgium, Russia, Montenegro and Serbia. Portugal, Italy, Greece and Romania later joined the allies. The â€Å"neutral nations consisted Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Netherlands, Switzerland, Albania and Spain†6. The western front Immediately after Austria-Hungary d

E-Business Research Paper for Golfing Paradise Essay Example for Free

E-Business Research Paper for Golfing Paradise Essay 1. Introduction: This paper consists of two tasks. Task I seeks to discuss and analyze migration of a traditional retail business to the Internet using the case of Golfing Paradise while Task 2 examines Internet security as concern for the same company. 2. Project Overview The whole project for Golfing Paradise, Victoria local retailer of golf equipments and accessories aims to migrate into the Internet to increase sales. 3. Overview of the migration project The migration project does not change the industry where Golfing Paradise belongs. It just proposes the benefits of expanding customer base in the Internet but not without costs and risks. 4. Summary of Scope, Activities, Costs, Milestones, Dates/durations, Resources, Deliverables, Risk factors, Gantt chart. The first two months require buying of equipments (computers and transportation), IT programs and software and hiring of additional personnel to man online business that may operate 24 hours a day and seven days week. Risk factors are discussed in relation to the choices of having and not having the same but not having the same without the opportunities is less preferable. 5. Management Summary This paper answers some of the relevant and materials concerns of Golfing Paradise in deciding to migrate into the Internet in selling its products to more customers. The company hopes to increase customer. Hence it will need to make some investment (Brigham and Houston, 2000) in new equipments and the hiring or retraining of some personnel to bring them to its new way of doing business. The benefits are of course increase profits from increased revenues (Meigs and Meigs, 1995) but also increase costs that may come from transportation costs depreciation of new equipments and even salary payments for new staff. 6. Main Body 6.1 Important facts for analysis: The business Golfing Paradise is currently providing Golf products through a network of 3 retail premises across Victoria. The products include Golf equipment such as clubs, buggies, golf balls as well as sports clothing and golf accessories. Golfing Paradise is selling both Australian made and imported products. The management of Golfing paradise has decided to expand its operations to the Internet, providing service to existing customers and attract new ones by offering products online. 6.2 Questions and Answers 6.2.1 Describe three of the most important issues that Golfing Paradise will face in migrating the same type of business to the internet. The three of the most important issues that Golfing Paradise will face in migrating the same type of business will include the following: (a.) What products will have to be sold online and how to bring or deliver the products to customers expected revenues that may be generating in migrating it retail trade? ; (b) What is the extent of the coverage area where products of the business could be sold? ; and (c) How will payment systems be modified as a result of migrating its business to the Internet. Each is described and explained below: 6.2.1.1 Products to be sold online and how to bring or deliver the products to customers? The online business is an addition to the traditional retail business will have to visit the stores. Hence, customers online would most like purchase by visiting the stores or they would request for delivery of their products to their homes, business place or an place of need. Determining therefore what products (Kotler, 1994) to be sold on line should be material issue to decide specially on customers who will choose to have the products they ordered online to be delivered. Case facts say that products include Golf equipments such as clubs, buggies, golf balls as well as sports clothing and golf accessories and said products are also include both Australian made and imported products. The guide to determine which products to sell should be estimated on the probability that the customers ordering online would have their products delivered on time and they are ready to pay for any shipping charges that may charged by the company. An online buyer preferring orders to be delivered to their place of business is one of those who do not have the chance to visit the store, hence Golfing Paradise must be able to deliver goods on time as per order to the customer. Those who can visit the store, customers should be allowed provide clear guide to reach the place of business or any authorized outlet from which customers could pick up the goods. 6.2.1.2 The extent of the coverage area where products of the business could be sold The coverage area where products are to be sold will make persons ordering online to know whether they could have the goods that are offered for sale on line. Since the Internet is accessible almost worldwide if not worldwide, it would be impossible for Golfing Paradise to reach every customer when its present place of business is only in Victoria, Australia Case facts provide that Golfing Paradise is currently providing Golf products through a network of 3 retail premises across Victoria and the products both include Australian made and imported products. If Golfing Paradise is ready to go outside Victoria, it must provide so in its website up to what extent. It may for example want to limit only to Australia but as discussed earlier the business must be capable of delivering its representation of its products. Case facts also provide that the management of Golfing paradise has decided to expand its operations to the Internet, providing service to existing customers and attract new ones by offering products online, hence the extent of coverage will have to be clearly defined. If customers outside Victoria will have to be considered, where will the customers pick up their orders? Will Golfing Paradise need to set up already an outlet outside Victoria? This decision must be made after the demand for company’s products may have expanded that would justify the cost of putting a sales outlet outside of Victoria. 6.2.1.3 The manner of payment system a result of migrating its business to the Internet Selling online presupposes dealing with people who are prepared to enjoy the benefits of trading in the Internet. The company must therefore consider whether it would limit accepting payment through credit card, aside from cash or will it also accept electronic currencies? The decision as to the mode of payment that may be accepted carries with them different requirements for administration that may involve hiring of additional personnel or acquiring computer systems, for the smooth running of the system. This must therefore be tied up with the later topic on Web design of the business as part of the marketing strategy (Churchill and Peter, 1995). 6.2.2 Discuss two possible internet marketing strategies that you could employ when migrating the business to the internet. The traditional ‘Four P’s of Marketing’ includes product strategy, place strategy, promotion strategy and price strategy. We will consider some of these on online selling. We will consider as part of our strategy product, place and promotion strategies. Lowery (2006) agreed with us when she said, that developing a successful internet marketing strategy is an essential part of online success. In order to succeed, we must develop and implement a strategic plan that includes all of the following: (a) A great product, (b) A web site specifically designed to sell, and (c) A killer marketing strategy. 6.2.2.1 Developing Your Product Lowery (2006) said, â€Å"Your first step will be to develop a great product. Youre probably thinking thats easier said than done, but its really not. The absolute best product is one that you can develop you and deliver over the Internet. With todays technology, there is absolutely no reason why you cant create your own product. The knowledge you have within your own mind is extremely valuable. Everybody is good at something, has a special talent or some specialized knowledge. Use this knowledge to create a product.† Lowery (2006) further said, â€Å"The key to developing a great product is exclusiveness. Your product should be unique and not be in competition with hundreds of other similar products. You must give your potential customers exactly what they want. Develop a high-quality product that fills a void to increase your chance of success.† Another consideration of great importance is Golfing target market. Let us keep in mind that the Internet is a global marketplace and developing a product with a large geographic target and a wide appeal will fulfil a need or desire and provide instant gratification. Thus, before we develop our product, hence, we have to do some research and find out exactly what people want and develop your product accordingly. The most important consideration when developing our product should be quality since Our product should not only deliver what we promise, but should go above and beyond the expected and over deliver. It is thus a reality that customer’s satisfaction is of the utmost importance. (Lowery, 2006 ) (Paraphrasing made). 2.2.2.2 Our promotions and place strategy Developing our website will be and indispensable part of migrating out business in the Internet. Doing the same actually satisfies place strategy because the said strategy means proving the customers the availability of the products to customers when they are needed. In the website therefore customers will have a chance to see the products that could be sold online and which could not be. In the same website a customer can chat or communicate via email with customers services that will assist the customer in brining the goods to the customers. Lowery (2006) said, â€Å"Once youve developed a great product, your next step will be to develop a great web site. Your web site must be specifically designed to sell your product.† It added, â€Å"Everything within your web site should have one purpose getting your visitor to take action. Words are the most powerful marketing tool you have. The right words will turn your visitors into customers. The wrong words will cause them to click away and never return. Lowery (2006) further made the following advice: â€Å"Your words are the entire foundation of your business. Your product, your web site and your marketing strategies all depend upon your words. Fancy graphics dont make sales words do. She added: â€Å"Every word, sentence and headline should have one specific purpose to lead your potential customer to your order page. Write your web site copy as if you are talking to just one person. Identify a problem and validate that one visitors need for a solution. Continue to write and explain why your product is the solution to their problem. Tell them exactly what your product will do for them why it will solve their problems and how. Pack your copy with benefits and more benefits. Write to persuade thats the bottom line.† Developing the website would constitute the big part of the work since this where online business will most likely depend. 2.2.3. How to Develop Marketing Strategies? Marketing strategy is the final process of the migrating plan which must include both short-term and long-term strategies in order to succeed. Lowery (2006) agreed when she said that short term marketing strategies are those that bring a temporary boost in traffic. Although these techniques are very important to our over-all plan, they are only a temporary traffic source and must not be solely relied upon. These short term marketing strategies normally include purchasing advertising, bulletin boards and search engines (Lowery, 2006) (Paraphrasing made). It must be stated that marketing should be ingrated with corporate strategy. (Porter, 1980) Lowery (2006) added that long term marketing strategies are those that bring the company a steady stream of targeted traffic over time and these strategies are believed to continue to produce results even years down the road. She added that long term marketing strategies include: Opt-in Lists, Freebies and Content (Paraphrasing made). By creating and implementing a balanced marketing strategy, using both short-term and long-term strategies, the company will drive a steady stream of targeted traffic to our web site. (Lowery, 2006) (Paraphrasing made).   It must be pointed that developing a marketing strategy is dynamic thing because of fast changing environment. 7. Costs and time frame for delivery The benefits that Golfing Paradise expects to gain from migrating of course could be roughly estimated to gross or net profit margin on a per customer basis. Stated simply, the company would be pricing its products and services above cost. Costs (Slavin, 1996) here of course includes capital cost on additional investment in terns of computer systems and salary of new additional staff that may be hire including all other cost of doing business on line 8. Conclusion: Golfing Paradise decision to go on line is the right mode to expand the number of its customers. It need not abandon the retail trade. However, in so migrating its business to the Internet, it needs to consider different factors in such change of business. Migrating to Internet involves all the benefits of the system like increasing the number of customers. However, it also will entail new ways of doing business for which it must be able to serve orders on line with define authorities. Customers on line may also need to pay in forms other than money and credit cards; hence the company must be ready in any eventuality. I must prepare a list of what goods may be sold on line including estimates for delivery cost for those who may want to pot for delivery. These and other things must be done by Golfing Paradise prefer to have more customers. TASK 2 (10 marks): Security Two of the security issues that the business has been left exposed include the issues of preventing internet fraud and other one is all other internet security problem. As to how each of the issue is fixed is explained below: To say that fraud could prevented in the internet sound like bringing the whole humanity to the moon. George (1999) talked of IT criminals like the hackers who just steal other money by their ingenuities and who profit from many innocent card owners by accident by pure ignorance. Even in the manual world fraud happened because people connive and so crimes get committed. The Internet is a new world with new and unfamiliar rules. Business happens online and there could be no one who would be regulating transactions particularly those happens across countries. There might be organizations like international courts but many on line users would yet to agree if the people who get victimized may opt to go to court, since no one may be user what could will have jurisdiction. As to Golfing Paradise, although it may limit its area coverage from whom it may take payments, it cannot be sure of perfectly preventing fraud. The best way is the use of common sense and knowledge of how the business environment in the net functions. The other issue is security where files and computer soft wares could be rendered useless by ‘viruses’ or ‘spy wares’ or eve ‘phishers’ (Wikipedia, 2006) . For business rendered online such problems are inevitable and some may even be discouraged of migrating in the Internet but simply opportunity lost in not migrating might be more punishing. Hence the attitude is to protection to acquire the latest software and some of them may yet be downloadable from the Internet. It is thus the choice of avoiding the problems but no chance for improvement or joining and braving the risk but with great chance for growth. I believe more will take the risk of migrating because of opportunities. References: Brigham and Houston (2000) Fundamental of Financial Management, Thomson South Western, USA Churchill and Peter (1995), Marketing, Creating Value for customers, Irwin, Sydney Australia George, K. (1999), Different World, Praxis Business Line’s Journal on Management, Vol. 2 : Iss. 3 , {www document} URL www.hinduonnet.com/businessline/praxis/pr0203/02030400.htm, Accessed Nov. 19,2006 Kotler, P. (1994) Marketing Management, Prenctice Hall International, London , UK Lowery, S. (2006) Internet Marketing Strategies, Part One: Three Step Formula, {www document} URL http://www.web-source.net/3steps.htm Meigs and Meigs (1995), Financial Accounting, McGraw-Hill, New York, USA Porter (1980), Competitive Strategy, Free Press, USA Slavin (1996) Economics, Irwin, London, UK Wikipedia, (2006) Phising, {www document} URL http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phising, Accessed November 18,2006

henry clays american system Essays -- essays research papers

Henry Clay’s American System 1832 Background: Following the War of 1812, Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, and John Quincy Adams helped form a new political agenda, which promised to meet the needs of America. It was a new nationalist United States. Henry Clay's "American System" was a neofederalist program of a national bank, a tariff to promote and protect industry’s, and financial improvements. Parties Involved: Henry Clays started as lawyer In Richmond, Virginia. In 1797 he quickly acquired a reputation and a lucrative income from his law practice. At the age of twenty-two, he was elected to a constitutional convention in Kentucky; at twenty-nine, while yet under the age limit of the United States Constitution, he was appointed to an unexpired term during 1806 and 1807 in the ... henry clays american system Essays -- essays research papers Henry Clay’s American System 1832 Background: Following the War of 1812, Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun, and John Quincy Adams helped form a new political agenda, which promised to meet the needs of America. It was a new nationalist United States. Henry Clay's "American System" was a neofederalist program of a national bank, a tariff to promote and protect industry’s, and financial improvements. Parties Involved: Henry Clays started as lawyer In Richmond, Virginia. In 1797 he quickly acquired a reputation and a lucrative income from his law practice. At the age of twenty-two, he was elected to a constitutional convention in Kentucky; at twenty-nine, while yet under the age limit of the United States Constitution, he was appointed to an unexpired term during 1806 and 1807 in the ...

Gender Ideologies in Local Context Essay

Present essay deals with analysis of gender ideologies’ functioning in certain local contexts. The latter is discussed through the prism of interactionist approach, which seems to be the most effective in terms of describing micro-level at which gender ideologies function. It provides with possibilities for studying how performative, discourse and social strategies of actors realized in local contexts are embedded in general gender ideology framework. For the present analysis a bar was chosen as the local context, where field study was conducted and gender ideologies’ reflection in interactions between men and women were analyzed. The central research question of this paper, hence, may be formulated as follows: how do gender ideologies shape interactions between men and women in bar or night club? Gender ideologies in local contexts: interactionist approach. Gender ideologies represent certain social and cultural constructs, which structure the perception of female and masculine identities, societal roles, family status and production relations etc (Philips, 2). Gender ideologies should be understood as a product of social structure, which fosters different roles of men and women in society. For instance, it may be said that currently dominant perception of women in society was formed within predominantly patriarchal discourse. Paradoxically, patriarchal perception of women affects their own gender ideology and identity, which often corresponds with socially constructed identity. Hence, women’s interactions with men are affected by the absence of their organic self-identity – they are forced to interact within the discourse created by men. However, the latter is realized through women’s own discursive system, which may be described as the micro-level of gender ideology. As Lakoff suggests, women and men learn their distinct languages from the childhood, which being the part of universal language, in fact reflect different identities in gender interactions (Lakoff, 222). Interactions, according to interactionist approach are based on endowing of certain subjective actions of the Other with meaning and symbols (Blumer, 45). In gender interactions, such meaning is ascribed to actions, based on gender ideologies. For instance, as Lakoff suggests of women’s discourse, ‘If she refuses to talk like a lady, she is ridiculed and subjected to criticism as unfeminine’ (Lakoff, 222). The latter example shows that gender ideologies are genuinely embedded in gender interactions, because they form the frame of understanding, actions’ meaning and behavior. Moreover, as Lakoff suggests, there exist considerable differences between women’s and men’s use of vocabulary, especially as far as the use of strong words, adjectives and particles are concerned (Lakoff, 223-224). The latter may be evident in any local context, including gender interactions in bar or nightclub, as it would be shown. Any local context activates specific aspects of gender ideology. According to Philips, notwithstanding culture, ‘There are at least four aspects of human experience that regularly enter into gender ideologies. These include work, appearance, sexuality and reproduction’ (Philips, 8). There is no denying the importance of the fact, that in the interactionist context, analyzed in this paper, such aspects as sexuality and appearance come into play in the first place. Based on these general theoretic considerations concerning gender ideologies let us analyze their reflection in concrete location’s context of bar, based on the empirical data collected in the field study. Gender Ideologies in gender interactions in bar Field research for this study was conducted in Dirtbags Bar and Grille in Tucson, AZ on June 1, 2009 during 10:30-Midnight. The data collection orientation focused on observing how gender ideologies affect gender interactions in this situational context. The first observation includes objective behavioral patterns of men and women during their visit to bar. It was established as a fact, that men may arrive to bar both in 3-4 individuals groups and alone. Women, as the field study found never arrive alone, but only with their boyfriend of female friend. The latter situation may be interpreted through the prism of Butler’s approach to gender identity construction. According to Buttler, identity is constructed based on repetition of certain behavioral patterns, gestures, discourses etc (Butler, 519). The latter implies that social structures, existing in society already provide women with stable behavioral orientations, taught to them by their families, older friends. One of such behavioral codes, which are immediately linked to gender ideology may be described as the cultural taboo for visiting entertainment public places alone. Such taboo is connected first of all with institutionalized male perception of women, being alone in the bar or night club, as the invitation for sexual relations. Based on this perception, visiting bar alone for women automatically means moral fault, since she is immediately associated with prostitute etc. Unlike women’s case, in men’s gender ideology the problem of man’s visiting bar alone does not exist, since it is not problematized as gender issue at all. Therefore, it is evident that men have more behavioral options and may choose between them to one’s own like. Buttler suggests that gender identities and ideologies are constructed through theatrical and performative interactions (Buttler, 520). The latter is particular evident in women’s focus on their dress, while visiting the bar. Women are more prone to put the emphasis on their own clothes and comment on the apparels of their female friends. They often made complements concerning good dress of each other. As the same time, men regularly have no tendency to comment on the clothes of their male friends. Instead, they often make complements to women concerning their dress. The latter observations show that gender ideology functions through performative and theatrical behavior reflected in the culture of dressing. Men are relatively indifferent to what their friends wear, however, pay much attention to what women wear. The performative and theatrical role of gender ideologies is also evident in women and men behavior, when they enter the bar. Women express much more willingness to be noticed by public, including both men and women, as they immediately look for people they know. Unlike, women, men seem to be less tied by any social obligations as they often go straight to the bar and order drinks and only after this greet people they know. Moreover, a bar serves for men a spot to sit down, while women prefer staying near the bar and being attentive to what is going on around them. Gender ideological conventions concerning sexuality are also evident in the types of drinks ordered by men and women. First of all, male gender ideology is obvious in the wide-spread practice of ordering drinks by men for women, especially as the part of acquaintance or showing sexual interest. Such behavior is often welcomed by women, who are embedded in gender ideologies of men, because women are prone to interpret such attention as the marker of sympathy and often use it in their own interest. As far as the type of beverages, drunk by men and women are concerned, men usually do not differentiate between different drinks, while women often order low calorie beverages such as ‘diet coke and Bacardi’ or sugar free redbull. The latter shows that the majority of women are embedded in the discourse relating to their appearance and sexuality, which is according to Philips is one of the central aspects of gender ideology (Philips, 9). Women, embedded in gender ideology, try to follow its main conventions in any local context, including bar. Gender interactions in bar are also characterized by both and men and women behavior directed at emphasizing correspondingly their femininity and masculinity. Men in the conversation with women always try to lower the pitch of their voices, while women often raise it. As Tannen suggests, such strategies are inherently gender, because they are affected by existing ideological representations of femininity and masculinity (Tannen, 169). In these ideological representations masculinity is characterized by the low pitch of voice, which is associated with men authority and women’s high pitch, associated with her secondary role in society. Gender socialization patterns in bar are also very informative, as far as the reflection of gender ideologies is concerned. Women feel more comfortable always being in company either of their female or male friends. In contrast, men may be either alone or in company without any differentiation. For women being in company guarantees the stability of her identity, because she may fully realize her performative and theatrical patterns of behavior. In contrast, being alone often causes negative gender connotations. Gender interactions in a bar are predominantly initiated by men, when a member of a male group offers a drink to a woman or a group of women. Often women refuse such invitations, however, in a majority of cases they agree even if they feel compelled and uncomfortable in communicating with the large group of men. A man being alone, however, is less prone to initiate conversations with women, than if he finds himself in company. There is no denying the importance of the fact, that the discussed pattern of gender interactions in bar reflects certain features of dominant gender ideologies. As Butler suggests, gender interactions are regulated by social sanctions and taboos (Butler, 520). One of such taboos may be formulated as follows: women are generally not eligible to initiate gender interactions with men; such priority solely belongs to the latter due to their primary role in gender relations. The realization of this taboo is particularly evident in bar context, where women generally behave in such a manner in order to stimulate men’s interest, however, their own interests is hidden from public. A woman may be interested in communicating with a given man, however, due to certain gender limitations she is more likely to refuse from her ambitions. Moreover, men usually feel uncomfortable when gender interactions are initiated by women, because it is usually mocked up in his male company. Hence, it may be postulated that taboos and limitations relating to gender interactions exist both in male and female gender ideologies. If a woman and a man know each other they usually greet by hugs, kisses and even if they are not engaged in romantic relations, they often show some kind of flirting. In personal interactions between men and women gender ideologies are also evident in men’s primary role in initiating tactile closeness with women, especially after alcohol drinks, including closeness, flirt, kisses, hugs, joking etc. Women, interested in such gender interactions, would not hesitate to communicate and flirt. However, a woman, who feels uncomfortable in this situation, according to the field study conducted, tries to use any possibility to escape from such kind of interactions. Gender ideologies are also embedded in the purpose of men and women’ visiting bars. Men usually visit bars to chase after women and find the object of their sexual desires etc. Women may also visit bars in this purpose, however, their clear intentions are not seen so obviously as that of men, hence, we may speak of dubious nature of their purpose. Such distribution of gender roles clearly resonates with dominant gender ideology, according to which men have the priority in initiating close gender relations. As far as dancing practices in bars are concerned, men are less prone to dance alone; however, women have no qualms about it. Men prefer dancing if they want to initiate interactions with women – in such a case they dance close to her. Apart from this, gender interactions in bar are often characterized by age limitations. Older women rarely visit such kind of places; however, older men may be seen there more frequently. Conclusion Gender ideologies represent language reflection of certain social and behavioral patterns of men and women and society. They usually refer to different social roles, types of discourse, sanctions and taboos and behavior of men and women. The analysis of gender ideologies in local context of bar showed that they are reflected in concrete interactions. Men and women usually act according to well-established gender conventions of behavior, which are reflected in initiating interactions, purpose of bar visit, behavior in groups, intersexual behavior etc. Women seem to be considerably affected by their representation in men gender ideologies, which means that they have no behavioral choices. In contrast, men’s behavior is characterized by the possibility of choice between a wide range of options. Men may be either alone or with friends, initiate gender interactions or not etc. Women have virtually no choices: they have refuse from initiating interactions, positively respond to any men’s attempt to initiate communication, always be in a company etc. Moreover, gender interactions in bar reflect crucial social perceptions of women sexuality and appearance, which are the first aspect of gender coming into play in bar context. Women put emphasis on their appearance and clothes and often try to present their identity in performative and theatrical way, which according to Buttler, immediately links such kind of behavior to gender strategies. In contrast men, pay less attention to such things and behave in a more casual and free way. Finally, men’s behavior in a bar is regulated by the lesser number of social sanctions and taboos. References Blumer, Herbert (1969). Symbolic Interactionism: Perspective and Method. Berkeley: University of California Press. Butler, Judith. (1988). ‘Performative Acts and Gender Constitution: An Essay in Phenomenology and Feminist Theory’. Theatre Journal. Vol. 40 # 4, (519-531). Lakoff, Robin. Extract from Language and Woman’s Place. Philips, Susan U. (1999). Gender Ideology, Cross Cultural Aspects. International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd. Tannen, Deborah. â€Å"She is the Boss†: Women and Authority.

Engines of economic growth Essay

Economic growth refers to an increase in the amount of goods and services that an economy can produce over a specified period of time. Percentage increase in real domestic product is conventionally used to measure economic growth. In order to net out inflation effects on prices of goods and services, growth is measured in inflation adjusted terms or simply real terms. Typically, economic growth means an increase in potential output, a situation where there is full employment due to growth in observed output or aggregate demand (Kennedy, 1990, 34). Engines of economic growth refer to variables or elements that determine the level of economic growth, either propelling it forward or backwards. Normally, such variables are geared at improving the status of economy but not slaging it. However, because of the challenging economic conditions all over the world, many economies are observed to experience depressions and booms respectively to the conditions of the economy. The economy therefore does not assume a straight line but a curve with minima and maxima and sometimes flat shapes. Therefore, engines of economic growth manipulate the path of the economy, as they are also manipulated by the market state (Collins, 2000, 20). One of the engines of economic growth is the level of investments. For capital goods to be accumulated and facilitate the production of greater volume of consumer goods in time to come, certain percentage of consumer goods should be given up in the current time. Accumulations for the future period can only be achieved through sacrifices of the present time. Increase in the quantity of capital goods is called investments. In the economy, many goods and assets undergo depreciation day in day out. Depreciation may be due to use or as age of the assets increase. Investments are made to cancel out such depreciations and other unanticipated costs that may come up in the process of economic operations. Depreciation is occasionally defined as the monetary value by which machineries and equipments become obsolete or wear out during the year. For stability of the economy, the level of investments should be kept greater than the level of depreciation (Scott, 1991, 45). The greater the investments above depreciation, the higher the potential output of the economy in future. Investments are not only made to bring efficiency and increase production in future, but also to serve as a security tool for the economy. This is because today’s economic arena is filled with many risks and uncertainties, which if not well taken care of can devastate an economy. Market area is characterized by innovations in all fields of production including the nature and types of commodities, the level of technology, international standards and requirements and change in customers’ tastes and preferences. As a result, any economy which does not respond to these dynamics can easily be overhauled. However, for economies with sound investments, any challenge that comes by the way can easily be countered. Resources used from investment must therefore come from postponement of today’s decision to consume to the future as illustrated below (Moore, 1998, 43). Consumption Investments 0 C B The diagram describes that economies with high rates of consumption in the current period, will have little investments for the future. This is shown by PPF CC and. An economy that restricts consumption today will have an expanded ability to produce in the future and therefore will be able to move to a higher consumption point (A), operating at PPF BB. This means that investments are determined by the rate of savings of an economy (Rostow, 1960, 10). The analysis depicts that savings should be high for growth in gross domestic product to be achieved. Prosperous economies have ever subjected their citizens to compulsory savings through the government, because without savings, investments can not be realized. The government can do this through increased and enforced taxation (Scheers, 1999, 30). Currently, the mostly pronounced engines for economic growth are innovation and entrepreneurship. The notion that these two aspects can spur economic growth is based on several research works from both developed and developing economies around the world. National priorities have of late encompassed entrepreneurship, innovation and knowledge at firm, regional, national and international levels. Attention towards these variables has been driven by the complexity of the change process and the multilevel and multivariable nature of the world economic competition. In the theory of entrepreneurship, entrepreneurs are seen as economic agents who may either operate within or outside firms but pay attention to economic happenings at all levels. These agents consistently seek for information from different economic settings, apply the spillovers of that knowledge and ultimately create innovative results through creation of new firms and enterprises. Entrepreneurial capital is determined by the degree of the presence of economic systems and entrepreneurial activities. Entrepreneurial capital serves as an important component for economic growth to be actualized. Apart from human capital, financial capital and knowledge capital, entrepreneurial capital has been proved to play greater role compared to knowledge capital (Mclindon, 1996, 51). Innovation refers to the process of creative thinking after which new techniques, products, formulations, markets, designs and ideas are brought forth into an economy. It is this process that takes place before entrepreneurship, because it is carried out by entrepreneurs. Innovators act as watch dogs for the economy. An economy undergoes consecutive reformations because it is influenced by national, regional and interregional factors. It is therefore advisable for any economy to make close observations of what new is coming up in the economy. For economic growth to be sound, ignorance of the outside reforms lags the economy behind. Entrepreneurs enable the economy to realize and respond to new products in the market. Goods and services are undergoing improvements in the way they are packaged, manufactured, blended, distributed and labeled. This slow response to the above aspects may render an economy of a country uncompetitive. Innovation still can call up the economy in times of technological progression in the production channel (North, 1996, 21). Currently, the world is talking about developed economies and developing economies, of which the big difference is the level of response to technology of the concerned economies. Production of commodities has to be as efficient and effective as possible to minimize costs and time. The western world is using high technologies in production and trading activities that have not yet been realized by the rest of the world, or even if the third world has recognized them, they may not have the capability to implement them. As a result, their economies are propelled forward to extremes that the rest of the world runs after with a lot of limitations. Therefore, the ability to realize arising opportunities and utilize them immediately and efficiently has propelled these economies to far ends. It is true saying that economies without entrepreneurs, innovators and discoverers are being exploited by such individuals from developed world. After considering this kind of analysis, it will be significant to state that economic growth is directly related to the level of innovation and entrepreneurship in a nation (Osterfeld, 1992, 14).

Free Essays on How We Created An Enemy And Started A War

How We Created an Enemy and Started a War. It is a question of moral ethics, a conscious decision to fool the subconscious mind. The American population was fooled, led like sheep to slaughter. We as a people must keep our eyes open for the truth. It is out there but well hidden behind an iron curtain of red tape. The greatest example in our life today was how we were fooled into war. How we created our enemy and then destroyed it. The first thing we did was create the enemy. This was done for us incrementally. The enemy that created itself was Osama Bin Laden, flying those planes into our buildings was the perfect excuse for this plan to be implemented. Thanks to CNN, NBC, FOX, and all other news groups playing Osamas face then Husseins right next to each other, back to back, side to side. Making sure that every time your heard one name the other followed. The media did not say that they were at all linked. The media just played one right after the other, letting your brain sub-consciously link the two groups together. The second thing we did became finding the obvious differences. America can stand united better when we are fighting a common enemy with one or more traits for us to hate or debase. Our first obvious difference was religion we stood together and jeered Hutcheson 2 when we found out they were Muslims. Also put together their style of dress their long flowing robes compared to our pants, and their towels as opposed to our ball caps. Race and dietary habits and you have more than enough common differences for Americans to learn to hate and band together and fight these â€Å"towel heads†. The third thing that we did was learn to control the media. Making sure they broadcast only the ruling party’s information. We accomplished this through state run media. In times of conflict, all foreign for-profit media repeats the ruling party’s information. So all foreign for-profit... Free Essays on How We Created An Enemy And Started A War Free Essays on How We Created An Enemy And Started A War How We Created an Enemy and Started a War. It is a question of moral ethics, a conscious decision to fool the subconscious mind. The American population was fooled, led like sheep to slaughter. We as a people must keep our eyes open for the truth. It is out there but well hidden behind an iron curtain of red tape. The greatest example in our life today was how we were fooled into war. How we created our enemy and then destroyed it. The first thing we did was create the enemy. This was done for us incrementally. The enemy that created itself was Osama Bin Laden, flying those planes into our buildings was the perfect excuse for this plan to be implemented. Thanks to CNN, NBC, FOX, and all other news groups playing Osamas face then Husseins right next to each other, back to back, side to side. Making sure that every time your heard one name the other followed. The media did not say that they were at all linked. The media just played one right after the other, letting your brain sub-consciously link the two groups together. The second thing we did became finding the obvious differences. America can stand united better when we are fighting a common enemy with one or more traits for us to hate or debase. Our first obvious difference was religion we stood together and jeered Hutcheson 2 when we found out they were Muslims. Also put together their style of dress their long flowing robes compared to our pants, and their towels as opposed to our ball caps. Race and dietary habits and you have more than enough common differences for Americans to learn to hate and band together and fight these â€Å"towel heads†. The third thing that we did was learn to control the media. Making sure they broadcast only the ruling party’s information. We accomplished this through state run media. In times of conflict, all foreign for-profit media repeats the ruling party’s information. So all foreign for-profit...

Warning, This Post May Be Stolen

Warning, This Post May Be Stolen Warning, This Post May Be Stolen Warning, This Post May Be Stolen By Maeve Maddox A lot of writing sites link to posts on the DailyWritingTips site. We like that. Sometimes they run a brief quotation followed by a link to the rest of the article on our site. I see nothing wrong with that. Sometimes, however, they post an entire article on their sites, followed by attribution and a link to DWT. Apparently they are acting in good faith, imagining that including attribution makes it all right to reproduce the entire post. It isn’t. That’s copyright violation. This week I happened across a site that not only publishes our posts in their entirety, but does so without attribution: leestringer.net (not linked for obvious reasons). Some of my posts are attributed to â€Å"Sweet Jane.† There is a â€Å"Go to Source† link that appears after a Twitter icon at the far bottom of the posts. Perhaps that’s intended as a defense in case of being called on it. The way our material is integrated into the overall design of the poaching website, the site’s readers probably don’t even notice the buried â€Å"source† link. It took me a while to find it, and I was looking. Naturally this experience got me thinking about plagiarism. Plagiarism is theft. It’s from Latin plagiarius meaning â€Å"kidnapper† or â€Å"plunderer.† Inexperienced writers sometimes commit plagiarism unintentionally by paraphrasing badly, misquoting, or failing to attribute a quotation to its source. Unscrupulous writers do it intentionally, in order to profit from the work of others. Anyone who writes, or makes use of the writing of others, needs to become informed about copyright and fair use. An excellent discussion of copyright infringement is Brad Templeton’s 10 Big Myths about copyright explained. An academic take on plagiarism useful to students can be found on the University of Wisconsin-Platteville library site. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 "Home" Idioms and Expressions50 Latin Phrases You Should KnowThe Difference Between "Shade" and "Shadow"

Critical Communication Event on the Internet Essay

Critical Communication Event on the Internet - Essay Example The responsibility of the press to relay messages in such incidences was seen to come out very clearly. The public seemed to be very aware of the happenings at that particular time. The media did not assume its role in concealing information but portrayed the information to the mass just as the events unfold. The issue of size policy in relation to the Southwest Airlines came out clearly. With the news, the customers were much enlightened on who they would be dealing with the next time they use the Southwest airlines. With the freedom of the press, many journalists attempted to conduct interview with Emery Orto to have a clear understanding on the views regarding to the issue. From the journalists’, judgment on various online articles, Orto seemed to have an irrational attitude and his communication with the authorities was not at all pleasant. Not only was it his size barred him from flying but his rude approach on the authorities. With the freedom of the press, each and every person is given an opportunity to air their views, in our case study, the huge person, Orto, and the refusal to board on the plane by the Southwest Airlines

You can choose the topic you want Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

You can choose the topic you want - Essay Example stence is all about hope and since the dawn of human civilization on this planet, almost all the major religions of the world have either believed in or alluded to rebirth in one form or other. The early Christians do believed in rebirth and life after death and they carried on with this belief until the Middle Ages. The records of many important and influential church fathers like Origen establish beyond doubt that they believed in rebirth and reincarnation. Yet, by the advent of Renaissance, the Christianity dropped the beliefs about reincarnation from its doctrines and rituals. However, two major world religions that are Hinduism and Buddhism regard rebirth and reincarnation to be an essential part of their creed. Though there are many similarities between the Hindu and Buddhist theologies about rebirth, yet there also exist many marked differences between the way the two religions tend to elaborate on the concept and mechanism of rebirth. The fundamental similarity between the Hinduism and the Buddhist beliefs about life after death is that both of them believe in reincarnation or rebirth. Both Hinduism and Buddhism believe that death is not the end of life, but the extension of life into a second life that is a life after death. Thus, there exists nothing as death and the human beings continue to live after death by taking a second birth after death as some other personality, individual or life form. The Hindus believe that eventual goal of the human existence is to merge with the Brahma or the Supreme Being or God and before the attainment of this state; the human beings continue to pass on from one birth to other, from one state of existence to other and experience many births and deaths. As per Hinduism, every individual has to bear with countless and many experiences and has to live many lives before becoming one with the Divine. According to Buddhism, the eventual goal of human consciousness to attain Nirvana o r enlightenment and on its way to Nirvana,

Social Issues and Friendship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Social Issues and Friendship - Essay Example We promised each other we would talk every day keep up on each other’s lives and try as much to convince our parents to allow us to visit each other over the holidays. It all seemed easy enough and our friendship was going to last forever. Little did we know fate had completely different paths for us. Ideally, Melanie and her family were supposed to come back after two years once her mother’s work contract was over. But once those two years were over, they did not return and by then I was headed to college. We tried to keep in touch but it proved challenging as I was overwhelmed with studies and extra-curricular activities. We had not managed to visit each other during the two years and she seemed to also be busy with college. Then one day she called me out of the blue insisting that she wanted us to meet and she would be in town over the weekend. I was too excited to hear from her that I did not ask any questions, I simply asked for a place and time and looked forward to our reconnecting. Two days before our meeting, I sat in a Statistics class too distracted to pay attention. All I could do was imagine how our meeting would go, how she would make fun of my short hair. I wondered what she had done with hers, we always wanted to color our hairs something crazy while in coll ege but I had stopped wanting that. The lecturer disrupted my thoughts as he called out my name. I raised my head up from the scribbling I was doing on my notebook to respond. Next to the lecturer were these two men who wanted to talk me outside the classroom. I walked out grateful for a chance to walk out as I felt I was not being productive in the class. Once outside, I got the most shocking news of my life and up to this day, I still have trouble coming to terms with what the two men told me.

Overview Risk Management On Construction Company Construction Essay

Overview Risk Management On Construction Company Construction Essay Rapid industrialisation has brought in its wake several problems. One of them is industrial risk, which is taking newer and newer forms ever. With mechanical, electrical, chemical and radiation hazards besetting the industrial world, the Risks to Life, Limb, Health and Wealth are common in this sphere of economic activity. Risks are present in every corner and under every stone. Industrial risks may arise while handling, storage or because of operational errors and violation of accepted safety procedures. The industry, therefore, has to be always prepared for such eventualities. An industrial risk is the one that may affect several areas within the factory or may cause serious injuries, loss of life, and extensive damage to property and disruption to manufacturing activities. Such risks may occur in any industry in spite of best efforts to prevent them. The suffering and damage as a result of the accident is determined by the potential for loss surrounding the event. However, the ris k can be largely avoided if effective action is taken as per pre-planned and practised procedures, utilising the combined resources of the factory and outside emergency services. The construction industry has changed rapidly over the past ten years and some companies are faced with more risk and uncertainty than before. Clients are more likely to engage in litigation when things go wrong. Risk in construction has been the object of attention because of time and cost overruns associated with construction projects. Risk can be defined as an uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, has a positive or negative effect on a project objective. As the conclusion, most construction company have to analyses their project to eliminating a specific threat, usually by eliminating the cause. The project management team can never eliminate all risks, but specific risk events can often be eliminated. Other than that, from the analysing, it can reduce the expected monetary value at risk events by reducing the probability of occurrence (e.g., using new technology), reducing the risk event value (e.g., buying insurance), or both. Objective Risk Management on Construction Company Most of consultants help business owners and entrepreneurs develop the business objectives necessary to achieve the organizations service, social, profit and growth goals by interviewing the principal leaders. Talking through the vision for an organization helps the leaders vocalize where they want the organization to go. A business objective provides a specific, measurable, realistic, action-oriented and time sensitive statement that, once achieved, propels the organization closer toward meeting one of its goals. The business goals and objectives form the foundation of its business plan. Business owners can follow the same process on their own to develop workable goals, objectives and actions to help their business succeed. There are 2 objective categories in Construction Company which are short term objective and long term objective. Short-term refers to one-year goals and objectives. For instance, if the goal is to open a real estate business, some short-term objectives include obtaining a realtors license, renting office space and purchasing a computer and MLS subscription. Long-term refers to three to five year goals and objectives. Following the real estate start-up example, these may include sales goals and objectives in terms of number of properties sold or dollars, and opening a second office location. One objective for meeting a sales goal of 24 homes in the second year of business would be advertising to reach a larger clientele. As the conclusion, the main objective of risk management is to protect the property, earnings and personnel of the organisation against losses and legal liabilities that may be incurred due to various risks. It minimises cost of the risk and maximises the pro ¬Ã‚ tability. The accidental risks may not only result in unexpected costs to a company but threaten its survival altogether. Thus, it is essential for the management to do some exercise to know about the possibility of a risk event, sources of such event and impact of such event beforehand and consider ways and means of preventing, reducing or minimising the loss . Terms of Reference This report is about the research on issue that relates to Risk Management in Construction Company. The research is focusing on Industrial Construction Company. The report about the research was requested by Miss Kwan Jing Hui. This report is prepared by five students undergoing the subject Corporate Risk Management in Multimedia University Cyberjaya who is Erda Nurakma Binti Zharani, Muhammad Adi Arzri Arshad, Thania Nasiha Md Shariam, Nurul Farahin Husin, Tiara Citra and Nur Atiqah binti Adam. We will like acknowledge Ziestech Company because the cooperation that they have been given to us in the process of completing this assignment. This report is submitted on 16 January 2013. Methods In this report about Risk Management in Construction Company, we are using two methods using the primary data and secondary data. The primary data is based on the interview that we have done based on an industrial construction company that we have chosen for more understanding in the research. The company that we have chosen is the Ziestech Company where we trying to get more information to support our research. We create a short questionnaire to understand more about the risk management of the company. On the other hand, we are doing our research also using the secondary data where we found some journals and other sources that can be helpful to support our purpose in completing this report. Findings Based on Research : Risk Management on Construction Company Risk Management in Construction Industry Risk in construction project is highly related to type of risks that may delay the performance of the project itself. In order to eliminate risks, in construction project should have effective risk management as mentioned by Lee Chun Siang and Azlan Shah Ali (2012). Effectiveness of risk management basically depends on how the project leader identifies and construct anticipation actions to risk that may occur during the life cycle of construction project. In addition, risk have to be analysed and listed out throughout project life cycle, otherwise poor risk management would affect in low performance of project. Refer to effective risk management, it enables to determine assessment of project risk, as well as control potential barrier to the success of the project completion. Construction projects value sometimes reflects to its risk management. Variable risks that related to construction project make it different from other industry. Its due to various variables such as engineering, procurement, technical (The Association of Project Management, 2000). In Malaysia, construction risk management has not been a priority and shows bad reputation based on Hamimah Adnan et al (2008). An attitude from contractor that attend to make simple project, fast process and less expensive methods while they identify risks. Even though in construction industry, its projects might be different from project to project, thats why risk identification also might be different. For the project leader, personal experiences, training speciality on risk management would be needed. However, Norazian Mohd Yusuwan (2008) found that Malaysian Construction Company is not paying much attention on reporting, reviewing and monitoring its risk management activity and still consider unfamiliar method among Malaysian Construction Company. Limited knowledge for risk management in construction project again related to limited budget and they found it will only add for operational cost of project. There is different treatment related to risk management that based on size o f Construction Company. Most of companies that is stable in financial status, well known in public, and hold a big construction project that will have formal risk management. Relationship Between Risk Management And Project Performance Maintain good performance during the project activity in construction will result in less risky for the project and closer to its successful. However, if happen to have failure in risk management it will cause increase in operational financial cost, capital structure amendment, delaying for building activity, overrun budget / higher risk in insolvency, lost in cash inflow, bad quality for final product possible to redo work after completion and many more (Sundararajan 2004). Various potential factors in construction project activity according to Flanagan and Norman, 1993; Akintoye and MacLeod, 1997; Smith, 2003, there are long period, complicated processes, abominable environment, financial intensity and dynamic organization structures. These variables of risk management hold important rule and reflects how the projects performance will be. Researchers found construction project performance determinations can be concluded to cost, time and safety (Chen et al., 2000; Shen, 1997; Tam et al., 2004). People Involve in Construction Project According to one of construction insurance for the Construction Design Management (CDM) 2007, players who involved in construction projects are clients, CDM co-ordinator, designers, principal contractors, contractors and workers. Property developer, and company who has construction project consider as clients. CDM co-ordinator will be chosen to lead the project and as advisor on health and safety issues during project time. Next is designers such as engineers and architects who prepared for building drawings in and out. Person in charge to plan, manage and co-ordinate health safety while project is happening will be the principal contractors. Contractors are people who involved in business construction i.e. civil engineering, mechanical, electrical, demotion maintenance companies. Lastly, workers are anyone who directly carries out the work during project construction, i.e. plumber, electrician and scaffolder. Risk Faced By Construction Industry There is no line item on a construction companys income statement titled Cost of Risk, but this is actually one of the industrys largest and most volatile expense items. Some construction companies pay 5 per cent or more of their gross income for risk related costs. In an industry with tight profit margins, effectively managing risk can sometimes make the difference between making a profit or not, and in some cases, the survival of the business. There are many kinds of risks faced by a construction company. One of the examples is economy slowdown. Recessions usually happen where there is a widespread drop in spending. Recession can give a very big impact to construction companies. This may be triggered by various events, such as a financial crisis, and external trade shock, and adverse supply shock or the bursting of an economic bubble. The other risk face by Construction Company is increasing competition, where, economic growth is the increase in the amount of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. Economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The other factor is that increasing in population can get same ideas or product from different people. The same construction will increase in competition such as quality, price, quantity and etc. The other risk the construction company faced is regulatory or legislative changes. Regulatory changes are controls imposed on a company by an authority (usually the government) that generally restricts the natural direction in which the company is moving. Legislative Authority or the power to make laws at the Federal level is vested in the Parliament, which comprises the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the Senate and the House of Representatives. Other than that, Construction Company also facing the risk of injuries to the workers. Occupational injury rates among construction workers are the highest among the major industries. While several injury control strategies have been proposed by various organisations, their effectiveness for reducing the rate of injuries in the construction industry remains uncertain. Cash flow risks also one of risk that Construction Company faced. Some companys available cash will not be sufficient to meet its financial obligations. That is because of the any mismatch asset or quality in the constructions. In construction site, managing the work in time is necessary to avoid any delays and for the companys and investors good. However, employees sometimes forget to put safety first, by doing short cut and due to this result in accidents. Examples of common fatal accidents are falling from fragile roofs, ladders scaffolds, being stuck by excavators, lift trucks, collapsing structures. https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/j8IikJzDRP7KvSYHgn8FVcLGb40uxe1QwXN1EVR8Xp8ktrZEejeGb4yFSUlSxhxT9_H32_uziQYf3fnfEDjQiFSLZ8OetFhOBINTQuGVSJ4PoJCcWsM Based on reported data below from Malaysia Ministry of Human Resource period 1994-2008, major accidents caused in construction held the fifth position on last 2008. Numbers of accidents finally had decreased in 2008 as its lowest number within 12 years. Scope of Policy and Coverage in Construction Industry For purpose of this assignment, we will touched on the two types of risks faced by construction companies, that is, third party liability claims and injuries to workers and on how the insurance policy works to minimized possible monetary loss to the company. Third party liability claims can be in two forms, amongst others:- Claims made by the party whom have awarded the contract to the construction company. It can be a government or private company contract. One of the conditions in the contract agreement will be that the contractor must issue a performance bond to the awarder. Performance bond, normally in the form of an insurance policy gives an undertaking to the awarder of the contract that they will pay the amount stated in the policy in the case that the contractor fails to complete the contract or breached the specifications of the contract. In Malaysia, performance bond is normally within the range of 2.5% to 5% of the contract value. The other type of a third party claims is where claims made by a third party be it an individual or a company to the contractor due the suffering incurred by them which arise from the contract implementation, for example, damages to their property, sound pollution and also loss of earnings. There is normally no specific percentage on the coverage. However, it will be decided by the contractor base on his assumption on possibility and probability of its happening by looking at the nature of the job. Referring to Department of Occupational Safety Healthy Malaysian, below are Occupational Acts summary: Factories and Machinery Act 1967. 2. Employees Social Security Act 1969. 3. Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994. 4. Occupational Safety and Health (employers safety and health general policy statements) (Exception) Regulations 1995. 5.   Occupational Safety and Health (control   of   industrial major accident hazards) Regulations 1996. 6.   Occupational Safety and Health (safety   and   health committee) Regulations 1996. 7.   Occupational Safety and Health (Classification, Packaging and Labeling of Hazardous   Chemicals) Regulations 1997. 8. Occupational Safety and Health (Use and Standards of Exposure of Chemicals Hazardous to Health) Regulations 2000. 9.   Occupational Safety and Health (Notification of Accident, Dangerous Occurrence, Occupational Poisoning and Occupational Disease) Regulations 2004-NADOOPOD. Relation to current practice in Construction Industry in Malaysia Construction industry indeed one of the highest accident occur not only Malaysia but all over the world. Construction is one of the valuable asset to our nation since it brings Malaysia through the world by the recognizance of our building such as Petronas Twin Towers which is one of the highest building in the world, Kuala Lumpur International Airport, and Formula One Sepang circuit. This construction is an important part of our economy; it helps our economy by attracting the investors to invest in our country. News reported that incidence of injuries and fatalities rates are high in Malaysia. The company may lose their valuable employees if this frequently occurs. Employers responsibility to ensure the health, safety and welfare of their employee The quote of safety first is a common quote that used to ensure that every employee aware of their safety while working. There are several or awareness that have been given to ensure the health, safety and welfare of their employee. This is to ensure the company will be able to complete their project on time. When one of their employees injured while performing their work, it is considered as a liability for their company causing their work in progress slowing down. The amount spending for the purpose of safety is beneficial as the consequences are the company would enjoy an effective safety than suffering with the cost. There are several current practices to reduce the risk of accident. There are several effects that the company can get when they ensure the health, safety and welfare of their employee. This can be seen by the company can reduce the accidental cost, when they doesnt have to pay huge amount of money to pay for their employee if accident occur at their working place. The company will enhance the image of company by showing that their company is aware of their employees and following the rules of (Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series) OHSAS 18001. The company also can increase their business opportunity which can be seen when their workers are efficient to finish their project on time. Increase overall profit of project were also the benefit of ensure the safety and health of workers this can be seen when theres no accident occur on their employee, the workers operation run smoothly and employer doesnt have to pay more on accident and get more profit instead. Companies can refer to the authority such as Department of Safety and Health (DOSH), National Council of Occupational Safety and Health (NCOSH), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia (CIDB) and Local authority about the safeness. Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia (CIDB) For example like Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia (CIDB) under the government was established by Act 520 of Lembaga Pembangunan Industri Pembinaan Malaysia Act 1994 in July 1994 as a statutory body under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Works Malaysia, with CIDB they offered a provide training for the construction companies. The board ensures the company with the responsibility of coordinating the needs and wants of the construction industry, planning the direction of the Malaysias construction industry, addressing the pertinent issue and problems faced by the construction industry, making recommendation in the formulation of policies for the construction industry Department of Safety and Health (DOSH) The board will ensure that their customer would be provided sufficient information on safety and health. Their responsibility are responsibility of administrating and enforcing related to occupational safety and health to ensure that safety, health and welfare of people at work as well as others are protected from hazards resulting from occupational activities in the various sectors which include manufacturing; mining and quarrying; construction; agriculture, forestry and fishing; utilities (gas, electricity, water and sanitary services); transport, storage and communication; wholesale and retail trades; hotels and restaurants; finance, insurance, real estate and business services; public services and statutory authorities. National Council of Occupational Safety and Health (NCOSH) The board was established under Section 8 of Occupational Safety and Health which is their responsibility is to Investigate and make report and also to recommend to the Minister any matters whatsoever related to the objectives of OSHA. To amend or make any change deem necessary for legislations of OSHA. To improve administration and enforcement of OSH legislation. To foster cooperative consultation relationship between management and workers with regards to OSH and well-being of workers. To resolve any particular problems related with OSH and well-being of workers consist of women, handicapped and other group of people in the society. To formulate adequate methods and procedures of controls at workplace for chemical industry. To analyze statistics related to occupational fatality and injury which happen at workplace To provide facilities for health care a workplace. To foster development plans and public acceptance of good industrial codes of practices related to OSH. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) The board main vision is to be the Leading Centre of Excellence in Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSHs responsibility is providing training; consultation services inseminate information and conduct research and development to employees, employers and those responsible, either directly or indirectly in the field of occupational safety and health. Example of companies following the health and safety management guidelines Occupational Safety and Health Management System (OSH-MS) guidelines promotes a safe and healthy working environment by providing a framework that helps organizations to consistently identify and control health and safety risks, reduce the potential for accidents, aid legislative compliance, and improve overall performance. Sime Darby Engineering Sdn Bhd, oil and gas construction industry which practiced the OSH guidelines they are fully concern on the safety health and environment. This company is certified by ISO 9001 OHSAS 18001 and others. Their main objective is to establish a safety and health committee to upgrade the level of occupational safety and health in their company. They are committed to comply with all relevant environmental, safety and health legislation, prevent pollution and accidents, minimize usage of hazardous materials, chemicals and gases, and minimize release of pollutants to air, water and land. , reduce consumption of natural resources., reduce, reuse and recycle of waste, promote environmental, safety and health awareness to all employees, clients, sub-contractors, suppliers and visitors Sustainable Construction practices in Malaysia Several efforts has been given to the construction industry which it lead several changes. Construction waste causes environmental problem towards Malaysia such as water pollution, environmental pollution and others. The concern toward environment has been given only less attention before this however with the increasing awareness of global environment has lead the construction to increase the protection and sustainable towards our environment. This practice may lead to the structure which will enhance our lifes quality, protect the environment and at the same time maintaining a balance between growth in economy and preserving the natural resources and ecosystem. Problems in current practice of Malaysian Construction Industry Malaysian construction industry depends heavily on unskilled foreign labor worker as they considered as cheap, widely available and flexible. Majority of construction industry choosing this way as this might lead to a problem such as insufficient, slow and labor intensive. Growth of policy in Insurance Market of Construction Company Based on daily routine of a firm activity, they might encounter numerous kind of risk on during performing their job. The risk can be predicted before it might actually happen but the firm cant assume that all risk can be eliminated. Thus it comes to consideration of firm to have a proper way to manage their risk. There are three main insurances coverage in todays construction industry, which are: Contractors All Risk Insurance. Contractors All Risk insurance is precisely designed for the purpose of managing risk against any loss and damage during the construction work takes place. This kind of insurance covers any loss related to works, construction plant and any damage arising from the construction process. It a simpler word, this type of insurance policy helps to manage against unforeseen and accidental physical loss or any damage happens to the property during the period of insurance. Contractors all risk Insurance is best to cover all works executed by the contractor whether it is temporary type of work or construction type of work that takes a longer period to accomplish. The basic Contractors All Risk insurance gives protection coverage whether under construction period or maintenance period against: Material damage during the work under construction Loss and damage towards contractors machinery, plant and equipment. Loss and damage on principals existing property. Third party property damage or any bodily injury happens during the contract of work. The insured parties include the principal, main contractor and the sub-contractor. Examples of types of construction project that can be insured under Contractors All Risk Policy are: Civil works such as dams, power plants. General building construction such as industrial, halls, stadiums and residential. Towers, silos Railway line, roads, tunnels, bridges. Electrical equipment installation. Other miscellaneous work. Bonds / Insurance Guarantee. Bonds are widely being used and almost every interaction between inter-personal and inter-corporation use it to guarantee the project accomplishment. The insurance company actually works as a middle person between the two parties because the fact that insurance companies are financial institutions. Thus interference of insurance companies in bonding businesses can generate other type of business such as Contractors All Risk, Public Liability and Workmens Compensation policies. There are few features of bonds, which are; Once bonds are given, it cant be cancelled until its expiry date. Most of government project demand bonds and are worded, thus bond need to be issued by the contractors to satisfy the requirement of tender. Furthermore the demand of bond in such way enables the ability to invoke the bond by the holder without any reason and explanation. Any demand nevertheless any dispute or protest by the insurer, contractor or any third party needs to be settled by the insurer. Workmens Compensation Insurance This policy is being design to give protection for any employee insured against injury, accident or any disease caused from the employment. The employer is the one who need to pay such compensation based on the law set up in the schedule of the policy and common law. Demand for workmens compensation insurance usually comes from: Contractors who are required to have insurance under the requirement of contract with the Principal. Employers that are having foreign workers which are not eligible to contribute to SOCSO but because of (a) above, they usually include these workers in their insurance based on the wage roll of 15% of total contract value. The employer or their sub-contractor should also take note that they are also required to be under the provision of the Workmens Compensation. Findings Based on Interview : Risk Management on Construction Company In this part of findings, we refer to an industrial construction company that has been involved in this industry for a long time. Ziestech Enterprise has been kindly to provide the information needed about their risk management. The company located in Kulim Kedah. Basically, they are an electrical industrial construction company that offer customer electronic and air conditioner service. The manager, Mr Arshad Bin Tasselim has been exposed to us the risk management that company has applied for the workers and business. Ziestech Enterprise is a company that can be categorized as industrial construction. The company has been in the industry almost 10 years. Ziestech Enterprise has been humble in the industry where they have started small then eventually they had grown to become a very successful electrical industrial construction company. Based on our interview session with Mr Arshad, he explains that the company is very high skilled in electrical and wiring for the industrial construction where they have the ability to involve their business in handling heavy electrical job. Furthermore, to perform this kind of task, the company require a very special certificate such as Wireman from Suruhanjaya Tenaga Malaysia. As an electrical construction company, Mr Arshad is aware that their company is facing a very high risk especially the workers safety. The operational task is related with electrical usage and appliances, where they might face the risk of having accident, loss, damage or injury during the construction works takes place. The industrial task is far more dangerous because the workers are exposed to a very high voltage. Mr Arshad explains more about the usage of electrical equipment that has been used in industrial works where it involves with 240V to 450V. Workers that involved in this kind of job, they will be supervised by the expertise that has been hired by the company. Mr Arshad is very aware with the risk that their facing every working day. Ziestech Enterprise is well prepared in managing the risk and decided to buy some of the insurance policies that can reduce the level of riskiness in performing the task. Mr Arshad explains more about the loss and damage during the construction work for example damage to machinery,plant or third party damage that has been insured by Contractors All Risk. The company also concern about the workers that may injured and accident during performing tasks where they pay for Workmens Compensation to insure the employee. Risk management is very beneficial for the company and the current insurance coverage satisfy the needs for the Ziestech Enterprise. Conclusion Risk Management in Construction Industry can be very beneficial to the companies that are applying this because the internal organizations such as staff, supervisors, middle and senior management have a heightened awareness of risks within their work environment. In addition, risk can be identified, assessed and controlled in accordance with the legislative requirements of OHS Act. Besides that, risk management becomes a part of the organizational corporate culture. It reduces the severity of an accident results in an associated reduction in pain and suffering. Moreover, risk management also reduce in the severity and incidence of workers compensation claims, leading to a reduction in associated and hidden costs (such as loss of staff morale, loss productivity, etc.). To conclude, it is a known fact that risk management is a very important tool to be applied by companies in order to ensure their survival. Both the contractor and the insurance company try their level best to reduce their own risks. Wrong judgment may be a fatal blow on the survival of the company. Recommendation The construction industry is a vehicle